Among the world's leading research universities, Columbia University in the City of New York continuously seeks to advance the frontiers of scholarship and foster a campus community deeply engaged in the complex issues of our time. The Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation (Columbia GSAPP) was founded in 1881 as one of the first schools of its kind in the United States. The School's community of students, faculty, and alumni engage one another in a spirit of intellectual generosity to develop new methods for the practices of architecture and the built environment. Its distinguished faculty includes some of the world's greatest thinkers, practitioners, and scholars leading the field of architecture, urban design and planning, historic preservation, and real estate development.Degree programs offered include: Master of Architecture; MS in Advanced Architectural Design; MS in Architecture and Urban Design; MS in Critical, Curatorial, and Conceptual Practices in Architecture; MS in Historic Preservation; MS in Urban Planning; MS in Real Estate Development; as well as Ph.D. programs in Architecture, Historic Preservation, and Urban Planning.