National Cyber and Crypto Agency (Indonesian: Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara, lit. 'State Cyber and Signal Agency', abbreviated as BSSN), is Indonesia's primary signal intelligence agency, as well as cyber intelligence, cyber threat intelligence, cyber defense, and cyber security agency.The foundation of the National Cyber and Crypto Agency is not separated from two preceding agencies, National Crypto Agency (Indonesian: Lembaga Sandi Negara, literally: "State Signal Agency", abbreviated as Lemsaneg) and Cyber Information Defense and Security Desk (Indonesian: Desk Ketahanan dan Keamanan Informasi Cyber Nasional, abbreviated as DK2ICN).Lemsaneg was the primary signal intelligence agency of Indonesia. It was founded by Lieutenant Colonel (then finally attained rank of Major General) Dr. Roebiono Kertopati, a medical doctor assigned to Indonesia's intelligence department at that time, Section B of the Ministry of Defence. DK2ICN was a coordinating desk under 7th Deputy (Coordination of Communication, Information, and Apparatuses) of Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs. The desk created thru Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs Decree No. 24/2014.Prior BSSN existed, state cyber activities were carried out by Armed Forces (Strategic Intelligence Agency, Badan Intelijen Strategis/BAIS and Cyber Operations Unit), Police (Directorate of Cyber Crime of Criminal Investigation Agency), State Intelligence Agency (Deputy VI), Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs (7th Deputy), Ministry of Defense (Cyber Defense Center), Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (Directorate of Informatics Application Control, Directorate of Information Security, and ID-SIRTII/CC), Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Directorate of Diplomatic Security of General Directorate Public Information and Diplomatics), and each ministry's Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT).